Chrome controls ~73% of global desktop browser market share. Add Chromium-based browsers (Edge, Brave, Opera, Vivaldi) and the figure exceeds 80%. Mozilla's Gecko (Firefox) is the only viable independent rendering engine.

Developers test and build for Chrome only. A monoculture means one bug, one policy change, or one company decision affects everything built on it.

When one company controls the dominant rendering engine, they effectively control which web standards are implemented, which APIs exist, and what the web can do. Alternative protocols sidestep this entirely: they don't use browsers at all.

• URI Schemes Beyond HTTPS
• Low Hardware Requirements of the Small Web